An-Najah National University

Dr. Fathi Khader

 

 
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  • Sunday, May 3, 2009
  • مكانة الشّاعر في المجتمع الجاهليّ
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  • مُلَخَّصُ الرّسالةِ باللّغةِ العربيّة

            تَعَرّضَ تاريخُ العربِ قَبْلَ الإِسلامِ لمحاولاتِ طَمْسٍ وتشويهٍ ، تعدّدتْ بواعثُها ، وتشعّبتْ آثارُها . وقَدْ سَعَتْ هذه الدّراسةُ بمنهجها العلميّ ، ونظرتها التّحليليّةِ إلى تصحيحِ مفاهيمَ خاطئةٍ كَثُرَ دورانُها في كُتُبِ تأريخ الأَدَبِ ، وعلقَتْ في أَذهانِ كثيرٍ من الدّارسين .

            لقد رَصَدَتْ هذه الرّسالةُ علاقةَ الشّاعرِ الجاهليّ بقبيلته ، ورأتْها علاقةً تحكُمُها قيمٌ نفسيّةٌ وأَخلاقيّةٌ، وكانَتْ قَدْ علّقتْ عليه قبيلتُهُ آمالَها ، فَلَمْ يُخيّب رجاءَها ، فَوَهَبَها فِكْرَهُ وفَنَّهُ ، وسخّرهما للدّفاعِ عَنْ قَضاياها، وكانَ بفهمه لهذه العلاقةِ رائداً من روّادِ نظريّة "الفنّ للمجتمع" . وأَدركَ قوّةَ تأثيرِ شعرِهِ الإِعلاميّةَ في المجتمع ، فنقل إِليهم الكلمةَ الهادفةَ ، والنَّشيدَ البُطوليَّ ، والقيمةَ الأَخلاقيّة ، ممّا جَعَلَ شعرَهُ قناةً إِعلاميّةً رائدةً يستخدمُها في جميع مجالات الحياةِ :

            ففي السّياسةِ الخارجيّةِ كانَ لَهُ تأثيرٌ واسعٌ في مجرى الحياةِ اليوميّة ، إِذْ غَدا أَبرزَ شخصيّةٍ مؤثّرةٍ في مجرى الأحداثِ . وأدار سياسةَ قبيلتِهِ الخارجيّةَ ، ومَثّلَ مصالحها لدى القبائلِ والممالكِ المجاورةِ . ووقفَ في وَجْهِ أَقوى النُّظُمِ الاستبدادية ، ووثّبَ أبناء عصره بقصائدَ ثائرةٍ شُجاعةٍ ، كان لها أكبرُ الأَثرِ في تقويض عُروشِ الطُّغاةِ .

            وفي السّياسة القبليّةِ الدّاخليّةِ كانَ لَهُ حَضورٌ مميّزٌ في توجيه الفكرِ القَبَليّ، فعملَ على إِصلاحِ مؤسّسات المجتمعِ ، التي اعتورها شيءٌ من فساد ، بعد أَنْ شاهدَ تحوّلاتٍ جديدةً تعصفُ بها ، ونراه يسجّل نجاحاً في جهوده .

            وعلى المستوى القوميّ وَعَى دَوْرَهُ في إِذكاءِ الحسّ القوميّ ، وتنبّه إلى الأَطماعِ الأَجنبيّةِ في الأرضِ العربيّةِ ، فدعا إلى مواجهةِ الأخطارِ التي تهدّدُ الوُجودَ العربيَّ ، وحَمَلَ لواءَ المقاومةِ ، وكانَ صوتُهُ يمتزجُ بصليلِ السُّيوفِ ، ليزيدَ من حماسةِ المقاتلين ، ويُثيرَ فيهم قيمَ الدّفاعِ عن الأرضِ العربيّةِ.

            وفي إِطارِ العلاقاتِ الإِنسانيّةِ ، والاجتماعيّةِ ، والفكريّةِ ، أَظهرتِ النّظرةُ التّحليليّةُ أنّ له أَثراً كبيراً في تقرير نَمَطِ العلاقاتِ الإنسانيّةِ ، فقد كانَ مجرى الحياةِ اليوميّةِ حَرِيّاً بأَنْ يتحوّلَ فَوْضى لا نهايةَ لها لولا قيمُ العُرْفِ الأَخلاقي ، التي أَسْهَمَ بتأصيلها في المجتمع ، وكان لها دَوْرٌ بارزٌ في ضَبْطِ إِيقاعِ الحياةِ العنيفِ .

            لَقَدْ كانَ الشّاعرُ الجاهليّ مُرَبيّاً ، ومُوَجّهاً اجتماعيّاً ، وداعيةَ مبادئَ ، ورَجُلَ سياسةٍ ، وحاملَ رسالةٍ ، ومؤرّخاً ، وإِعلاميّاً ، وجنديّاً في جيشِ قبيلته .


    Abstract

                History of Arabs, before Islam, has been subjected to attempts of obliteration and distortion . The motives behind these attempts are numerous and their effects have become many-sided . In its scientific approach and analytical method, this study sought to correct wrong concepts repeatedly referred to in books documenting Arabic literature . These concepts have even stuck in the minds of many scholars .

                This study has recorded the Jahili poet's relationship with his tribe and found it governed by moral and psychological values. The poet's tribe set its hopes on him . He didn't let her down . He accorded (her/ his) thought and art and subjugated them for the sake of defending its causes . In his understanding of this relationship , he made himself a pioneer of "art for society's sake" . He also realized the power of his poetry information influence in the society . Therefore, he conveyed to them the didactic word, the heroic song and the moral value . In so doing, his poetry became truly a pioneering information channel used in all aspects of life .

                In the foreign policy, the Jahili poet had a wide influence in the course of daily life . He because a leading and influential personality in the course of events. He even ran his tribe's external policy and represented its interests in neighbouring kingdoms and tribes . In addition, the poet also challenged the most powerful autocratic systems at the time . He also instigated his fellow men of his age with his daring and revolutionary poems which led to the collapse of oppressors thrones .

                He had a strong presence in the tribe's internal policy . He directed the tribal thought and worked to reform society institutions after suffering corruptions and after he witnessed new changes storming it . In this, he set a record of success in his efforts . At the national level, he was aware of his role in flaring up national sentiments and was vigilant of foreign greed in the Arabian lands . He called for rising up to dangers threatening the Arabian presence . He set an example by brandishing the flag of resistance . His voice mingled with the rattle of swords to boost the fighters' zeal and create in them the value of defending Arabian lands .

                In the framework of intellectual, social and human relations, the analytical method has revealed that the poet had a significant impact in determining the pattern of human relations . The course of daily life could have become chaotic endlessly with moral codes .

                Therefore, credit goes to the poet for contributing to taking roots of values in the tribal society, Equally important, the poet had a leading role in controlling the violent rhythm of life . The Jahili poet was rightly an educator, a social reformer, a man of principle, a statesman, a man of a message, a historian, a soldier and an information man .

     

     

     
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Fathi Irahim Ahmed Khader
 
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