- Saturday, April 1, 2006
- Published at:Not Found
- As a contribution to the development program of rural areas in Palestine, this paper presents three energy supply alternatives for a remote village represented in PV system, diesel generator and electric grid. Design of these systems and the associated costs of their utilization are illustrated.
A computer-aided dynamic economic evaluation method with five indicators is used to compare the economic-effectiveness of these energy systems. The results show that, utilizing of PV systems for rural electrification in Palestine is economically more feasible than using diesel generators or extension of the high voltage electric grid. The obtained results represents also a helpful reference for energy planers in Palestine and justify the consideration of PV systems more seriously.
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2006, Pages 128-138
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2004.09.001
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- Tuesday, March 1, 2005
- Published at:Not Found
- Energy conservation in utilities has played a vital role in improving energy efficiency in the industrial, commercial and residential sectors. The electrical energy consumption in Palestine has increased sharply in the past few years and achieved by the end of 2001 to 10% per year. It is expected that this percentage will increase to about 12% if the current political situation will end hopefully with peace. Modern energy efficient technologies are needed for the national energy policy. Such technologies are investigated in this paper. Implementing of a national 3 years project aiming at energy efficiency improvement in residential and industrial sectors as well as in public utilities, which include wide range of diversified audits and power measurements, had led to creating this paper. Measurement and audit results had shown that the total conservation potential in these sectors is around 15% of the total energy consumption. The associated costs of the investment in this field are relatively low and correspo
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- Monday, December 1, 2003
- Published at:Not Found
- Palestine has a large number of rural small villages far from the national electric grids. Electrical loads in such villages are mostly small and can be covered by means of photovoltaic (PV) generators, which are economically more feasible than extending the electric grid or using diesel electric generators. Since PV has been rarely used in Palestine, this paper is devoted to investigating the potential of PV applications in Palestine, identifying the barriers for prevalence of PV applications as in other countries and demonstrating the reliability and feasibility of utilizing PV systems by presenting the test results of a PV system by supplying a rural clinic with its power demands. A method for designing the PV power system respecting the local environmental conditions is presented in this paper. The results of the measurements carried out over two years verify the reliability of the applied method. The illustrated test results show how far the PV-power generation can be matched with load demands and state
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- Tuesday, April 1, 2003
- Published at:Not Found
- This paper presents a new algorithm for optimal power flow (OPF) based on thermal function techniques. The algorithm considers two sub-problems seeking for minimum cost of generation and minimum system transmission loss. These have been solved sequentially to achieve optimum allocation of real and reactive power generations with due consideration to system operating constraints pertaining to generation, bus-voltage and line flow limits. New models for handling system constraints have been developed to suit the thermal function based OPF algorithm. The mathematical models and algorithms are so developed to be solved by means of computer simulation of optimal power system models by thermal function. The potential of the new algorithm of OPF has been demonstrated through system data for electrical network. Results reveal that the proposed new algorithm has potential for on-line OPF solution.
Electric Power Systems Research, Volume 65, Issue 1, April 2003, Pages 47-53
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- Tuesday, January 1, 2002
- Published at:Pakistan Journal of Applied Sciences 2(9): 907-912, 2002
- The industrial sector in Palestine represent 15% of the total electric power consumption while the, power losses in distribution network amount to 8% and the average power factor amount to 0.7. Implementing of a project aiming at energy efficiency improvement in industrial sector which included wide range of diversified power measurements, had led to creating this paper. Measurement results, had shown that power losses in the distribution network are mainly caused due to low power factor in the industrial and residential sectors varying in the range 0.65 t 0.8. After improvement of the power factor in two factories as "Demonstration Project" (ChS), evaluation of measuring results show that the annual saving after installation of the compensation unites and improving the PF to 0.95 will be more than the total cost of the proposed capacitor units, i.e. the simple pay pack period will be less than one year. The electrical losses in the distribution network and transformers will be reduced to 25% by improving the
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